How can acid-base indicators work?
How can acid-base indicators work? What makes an indicator (usually slightly acidic) change color when titrated with a base?
Ok, since nobody is answering this question, I will take a stab at it. PH indicators are organic dyes that absorb light in the visible spectrum. Believe it or not, most organic substances do not absorb light in the visible and therefore are supposed to be "colorless, usually clear or white. For the organic material to absorb in the visible, you must have electrons that can vibrate freely across relatively long distances in the molecule. This is usually done using a series of double bonds, all aligned in series so that electrons are free to roam the entire length of the structure, jumping from one orbit to another IP or, more precisely, who inhabit a giant pi orbital which extends from one end of the molecule from another. Concordat aromatic (benzene rings) are particularly useful in the present, but not absolutely necessary. The nitrogen atoms present in the structure of production, including the favorable provisions, therefore, the great aniline dye industry that has developed on this phenomenon, chemicals. But to answer your question, if there is a nitrogen atom that can accept a proton in its consolidated group of electrons, then this small change to alter the resonance frequencies of the whole chain of double bonds, resulting in a slightly different absorption and therefore a color different. The reaction you are referring to is the opposite of that when a strip of base protons outside the molecule. (In fact, it is a completely reversible process, see). Hope this helps.
Acid Base Introduction
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